Multi-Storage

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Navigation: Models ➔ Material Handling Models ➔ Multi-Storage


General Description

The main purpose of this unit operation is to simplify flowsheet drawing involving storage with multiple feed and product streams.

For example, the flowsheet shown in figure 1 below (with 3 storage Tanks) can be simplified to look like figure 2 with the use of a single multi-Storage unit representing 3 tanks.

Figure1 Figure2
NoMultistore.jpg Multistore.jpg

The distribution of feed and blending of product are done within the multi-storage unit.

Inputs and Outputs

Label Input / Output No. of Connections Description
    Min Max  
Input In 0 40* General purpose inlet; *Maximum was 25, limit increased in build 138.25939.
Output Out 0 40* General purpose outlet; *Maximum was 25, limit increased in build 138.25939.

Model Theory

The user specifies the number of storage units required. A maximum of 80 storage units can be used per multi-storage unit.

Notes:

  1. The storage ID starts from 0 and finishes at 79.
  2. Each feed stream is independent of the other feed streams, there is no mixing of feed streams before they are added to the stores. Similarily each product stream is configured independently and operates independently of the other product connections.
  3. Each storage may have a reaction. Reactions will take place inside the individual store after feed to the store is perfectly mixed and before product is drawn.

Feed Configuration

Each feed into the multi-storage unit can be distributed into any one or any combination of stores using the following three options:

  1. Split : the user defines the percentage by mass of the flow to go to each individual store.
  2. Equal Split : the feed is split equally between all stores. For example, if there are 4 stores, then each store will receive one quarter of the total flow.
  3. Spec Store : the feed is sent to one store as specified by the user.

Note: the feed option cannot be changed while the model is running but the percentages or store numbers can be changed while the model is running.

Product Configuration

The stored material can be blended in any way to create each product stream using the following four options:

  1. Flow : the user defines flow from each store to the product stream. This is the only method that can be used with the StoreCentric option.
  2. Split : the user defines the percentage by mass of the flow to be drawn from each store. The flows obtained will be a function of the pipe capacity of the product stream.
  3. Equal Split : the product will be drawn equally from all stores. For example, if there are 4 stores, then each store will contribute one quarter of the pipe capacity of the product stream.
  4. Spec Store : material is only drawn from a single store specified by the user. The flow obtained will be a function of the pipe capacity of the product stream.

Notes:

  1. The product option (including the StoreCentric option) cannot be changed while the model is running but the flows, percentages or store numbers can be changed while the model is running.
  2. If the Flow option is used, it is recommended that the pipe capacity be set to undefined (*) to prevent spills.
  3. If any option other than Flow is used, using an undefined pipe capacity will lead to all material currently in the specified stores being sent to the product stream (i.e. the stores will be emptied).
  4. If the Split, Equal Split or Spec Store options are used, the product flow achieved will be equal to the pipe capacity if there is sufficient material available in the specified stores. If there is not sufficient material available then the product flow will be less than the specified pipe capacity.

Bypass Function

The Multi-Storage unit has an in-built bypass function which is illustrated by the diagram below:

Multistore Bypass.png

Based on user specified product flow requirements, the model will attempt to achieve this flow by having a portion of a defined feed stream bypass the stores and sent directly to the product stream. If the feed flow exceeds the product flow requirement then the excess will be sent to the stores. If the feed flow is less than the required flow then the additional material can be made up by drawing material from the stores.

The user must choose a single feed stream and a single product stream to be associated with this function.

There are three main options to choose from when defining the product flow:

  1. UsePipe : the required flow is equal to the user defined pipe capacity. Defining pipe capacities is the way flows are usually controlled in a dynamic transfer project.
  2. IgnorePipe : the user sets the required flow using the Qm.Capacity tag in the multi-storage model. The pipe capacity is ignored. To avoid spills it is recommended that the pipe capacity be set to undefined (*) when using this option.
  3. Combination : this method will allow both the above methods to be used and SysCAD will choose the lowest of the two requirements (thus preventing any spills). An example where this method may be useful is if there are two different pieces of logic setting the capacity of the product, one being the desired flow and the other being a maximum possible flow.

Any excess feed flow will be distributed to the stores using the user defined settings on the Feeds tab page, as for all other feeds.

The user chooses whether to allow makeup from the stores when the feed flow is less than the required product flow by ticking or unticking the MakeupFromStores option. If this option is used, the material will be drawn from the stores using the user defined settings on the Products tab page, as for all other products.

Data Sections

The default sections and variable names are described in detail in the following tables. The default Multi Storage access window consists of seven sections. This number may increase or decrease, based on user configuration.

  1. MultiStorage -- This tab page contains general configuration information.
  2. Feeds -- This tab page contains information about the split and flows to the individual units.
  3. Products -- This tab page contains information about the split and flows from the individual units.
  4. Sx -- The user can select the individual storage unit to view and the name of this tab will change accordingly, i.e. if the user selects unit 1, then the tab will be S1. This series of tabs also includes a Content section which contains data on the material contained within unit Sx.
  5. RBx - Optional tab, only visible if the Reactions are enabled in the unit.
  6. ST -- Only available in Build 139 or later. Optional tab, only visible if the TotalStore.Calculate option is enabled on the first tab page. The combined total of all stores. This series of tabs also includes a Content section which contains data on the material contained within the combined stores.
  7. Info tab - Contains general settings for the unit and allows the user to include documentation about the unit and create Hyperlinks to external documents.
  8. Links tab, contains a summary table for all the input and output streams.
  9. Audit tab - Contains summary information required for Mass and Energy balance. See Model Examples for enthalpy calculation Examples.

MultiStorage Page

Unit Type: MultiStorage - The first tab page in the access window will have this name.

Tag (Long/Short) Input / Calc Description/Calculated Variables / Options
Tag Display This name tag may be modified with the change tag option.
Condition Display OK if no errors/warnings, otherwise lists errors/warnings.
ConditionCount Display The current number of errors/warnings. If condition is OK, returns 0.
GeneralDescription / GenDesc Display This is an automatically generated description for the unit. If the user has entered text in the 'EqpDesc' field on the Info tab (see below), this will be displayed here.
If this field is blank, then SysCAD will display the UnitType or SubClass.
Settings
StoreCount Input User specified number of storages required. Up to 80 stores are allowed. Store ID starts from 0. Therefore, if 3 stores are specified, stores available are 0, 1 and 2.
BypassOption
Off The bypass option is not used.
Combined The amount of flow required in the ProdStream is the smaller of the user setting for the bypass Qm.Capacity and the pipe capacity.
UsePipe The amount of flow required in the ProdStream is based on the pipe capacity.
IgnorePipe The amount of flow required in the ProdStream is based on the user setting for the bypass Qm.Capacity, ignoring the pipe capacity.
Reactions Tickbox Adds the reaction sub model to ALL of the stores.
Rct.CommonRctFile Input Only visible if reactions have been enabled. Allows the user to load in a common reaction file, this file will be auto added to all the stores. However, the user still has the option to change the reaction file in an individual store if the reaction file differs.
Rct.CommonBrowse Button Only visible if reactions have been enabled. Allows the user to browse for the common reaction file that will be auto added to all the stores. However, the user still has the option to change the reaction file in an individual store if the reaction file differs.
Options
TrackFlowOutReqd Tickbox If enabled, user will receive warnings if pipe capacity requirements are not met.
TotalStore.Calculate Tickbox Only available in Build 139 or later. If enabled, the contents of all stores will be combined and reported on the ST tab page.
TotalStore.TemperatureMethod / T_Method
(Only displayed if TotalStore.Calculate has been enabled.)
Std The temperature used on the ST tab page when reporting values will be equal to the standard temperature. In SysCAD this is always 25°C.
Ambient The temperature used on the ST tab page when reporting values will be equal to the ambient temperature. This is set on the Environment tab of the Plant Model.
User The temperature used on the ST tab page when reporting values will be as specified by the user. See TotalStore.TemperatureReqd field below.
Calculated The temperature used on the ST tab page when reporting values will be calculated by performing an energy balance when combining the contents of the stores. Note: this is the most computationally expensive of all the methods and so should only be chosen if accurate reporting of the combined temperature or a combined property which is dependent on temperature (such as volume or concentration) is critical.
TotalStore.TemperatureReqd / T_Reqd Tickbox Only displayed if TotalStore.TemperatureMethod is set to User. The user specified temperature for reporting of the total contents on the ST tab page.
Display Options
StoreCentric Tickbox If selected, allows the user to see the product split (on the Products tab page) on a per store basis, otherwise, the display will be per product stream basis.
Store2View Input The user defines which storage information to be displayed on subsequent tabs. For example, if 0 is specified, the first store information will be displayed on tabs S0, M and RB0 respectively.
Note: The tags for ALL stores are always available for reporting or control, even when they have not been selected for display.
Results
TotalMass / Mt Calc The total mass of material in all stores.
SolidMass / SMt Calc The mass of solids in all stores.
LiquidMass / LMt Calc The mass of liquids in all stores.
VapourMass / VMt Calc The mass of vapours in all stores.
SlurryMass / SLMt Calc The mass of solids and liquids in all stores.
InitTtlMass / InitMt Calc The mass in all stores at the start of the solver run.
DeltaTtlMass / DeltaMt Calc The total change in mass in all stores from the start of the solver run.
Bypass Operation... (This section only appears if the BypassOption is On (i.e. not Off))
MakeupFromStores Tickbox Allows additional material to be fed from the stores to the ProdStream if the required flow is not achieved using the bypass of feed material.
ShowQBypass Tickbox QBypass and associated tab pages (e.g. Qm) will become visible, showing the properties of the bypass stream. See Material Flow Section.
Bypass...
FeedStream List The user chooses the Feed Stream to bypass the multistore from a drop down list of all feeds to the multistore.
ProdStream List The user chooses the Product Stream to which the bypass will exit from a drop down list of all product streams from the multistore.
Qm.Capacity Input The user specifies the required mass flow in the ProdStream. This will not be an input field if the user chooses the UsePipe bypass option.
Qm Feedback Displays the mass flow of bypassed material.
StoresMakeup... (This section only appears if the MakeupFromStores option has been enabled)
Qm.Capacity Input The user specifies the required mass flow to be taken from the existing Stores.
Qm Feedback Displays the mass flow of material drawn from the stores.
ProdStream...
Qm.Capacity Feedback Displays the pipe capacity of the chosen ProdStream.
Qm.CapacityUsed Feedback Displays the pipe capacity used when calculating how much material to be sent to the ProdStream using the bypass.
If the UsePipe bypass option has been chosen, then this will be the same as the ProdStream Qm.Capacity field shown above.
If the IgnorePipe bypass option has been chosen, then this will be the same as the Bypass Qm.Capacity defined by the user.
If the Combination bypass option has been chosen, then this will be the smaller of the ProdStream Qm.Capacity field shown above and the Bypass Qm.Capacity defined by the user.
Qm Feedback Displays the mass flow in the ProdStream. If the MakeupFromStores option is not selected, then this will be the same as the mass flow of bypassed material.
(the following parameters are displayed in a table with 1 row for each Store)
Mass / Mt Column Heading Displays the total mass in each individual store.
Volume / Vt Column Heading Displays the total volume of material in each individual store.
Temperature / T Column Heading Displays the temperature in each individual store.

Feeds

Each Feed pipe can be set to split between the storage units on this page. This describes the different split methods and the fields that are available for each method.

Tag (Long/Short) Input / Calc Description/Calculated Variables / Options
-------- PipeID --------
SplitMethod Split The user specifies how the material in the feed stream is split, on a mass basis between all available stores
Equal Split The feed stream is split equally between all the available stores
Spec Store The feed stream is directed to a specified store only.
TargetStore Input Only available if SplitMethod = Spec Store. The user selects the store to which the feed stream will be sent. The full flow from the stream will be sent to the specified store.
MassFlowEst / QmEst Feedback The estimated total mass flowrate of the feed stream.
MassFlow / Qm Feedback The total mass flowrate of the feed stream.
(the following fields are displayed in a table with 1 row for each store)
SplitReqd Input / FeedBack If the SplitMethod = Split the user may specify the percent split from the feed stream to the relevant store. Otherwise this displays the fraction of material reporting to each store.
MassFlow / Qm FeedBack The actual mass flow to each store from the feed stream.

Products

Each Product pipe can be set to obtain material from individual storage units on this page. This describes the different methods and the fields that are available for each method.

Tag (Long/Short) Input / Calc Description/Calculated Variables / Options
StoreCentric Tickbox
MultistoreStoreCentric.png If selected, allows the user to see the product split on a per store basis, otherwise, the display will be per product stream basis.
To change the store selection, press Previous Button.png, Next Button.png or simply entered the desired store number in the field between the buttons.
-------- StoreID --------
Store.[StoreID].Pr.[PipeID]...
Method ListBox Flow - The user specifies the amount of flow from the selected store to report to the specified product stream.
MassFlowReqd / QmReqd Input The required mass flow from the selected store to report to the specified product stream.
MassFlow / Qm Feedback The actual mass flow from the selected store which reports to the specified product stream.
Pass Solids Only the solids stored will be used to make up the product stream.
Liquids Only the liquids stored will be used to make up the product stream.
Vapours Only the gases stored will be used to make up the product stream.
Sol&Liq Only the solids and liquids stored will be used to make up the product stream.
Liq&Vap Only the liquids and gases stored will be used to make up the product stream.
Sol&Vap Only the solids and gases stored will be used to make up the product stream.
All Everything stored will be used to make up the product stream.
-------- PipeID -------- Only visible if the StoreCentric Option is NOT selected.
Pr.[PipeID]...
SplitMethod Flow The user can specify the mass flow required per store to make up the product stream.
Split The user can specify the mass split out of each store to make up the product stream.
Equal Split The product stream is made up of equal splits from all the stores.
Prop Mass Split The product stream is made up of proportional mass splits from all the stores. Therefore, if store 0 currently has a larger amount in store, the split from store 0 will be proportionally higher than the other store. However, if all stores have the same amount of contents, then this will be the same as the equal split option.
Spec Store The product is drawn from a specified store only.
TargetStore Input Only available when SplitMethod = Spec Store. The user nominates which store the product will be drawn from.
MassFlowEst / QmEst Feedback Estimated total mass flowrate of the product stream.
MassFlow / Qm Feedback Total mass flowrate of the product stream.
Bypass.Qm.Capacity Feedback Only visible if the bypass option is on and this stream has been selected as the ProdStream. Bypass capacity of stream based on user specification on front tab page.
Bypass.MassFlow / Qm Feedback Only visible if the bypass option is on and this stream has been selected as the ProdStream. Total mass flowrate of bypassed material.
Makeup.MassFlow / Qm Feedback Only visible if the bypass option is on and this stream has been selected as the ProdStream. Total mass flowrate of material drawn from the existing stores.
(the following fields are displayed in a table with 1 row for each store)
SplitReqd Input/Feedback Only available if the Split SplitMethod is selected. The required percentage split from the selected store to report to the specified product stream.
ActSplit Feedback The percentage split of the selected store to report to the specified product stream.
QmReqd Input Only available if the Flow SplitMethod is selected. The required mass flow from the selected store to report to the specified product stream.
MassFlow / Qm Feedback The actual mass flow from the selected store which reports to the specified product stream.
Pass Solids Only the solids stored will be used to makeup the product stream.
Liquids Only the liquids stored will be used to makeup the product stream.
Vapours Only the gases stored will be used to makeup the product stream.
Sol&Liq Only the solids and liquids stored will be used to makeup the product stream.
Liq&Vap Only the liquids and gases stored will be used to makeup the product stream.
Sol&Vap Only the solids and gases stored will be used to makeup the product stream.
All Everything stored will be used to makeup the product stream.

Sx

Multistoreview2.png

To change the store selection, press Previous Button.png, Next Button.png or simply entered the desired store number in the field between the buttons.

Tag (Long/Short) Input / Calc Description/Calculated Variables / Options
Name Input User can give the store a descriptive name here.
Mass / Mt Feedback The total mass stored in the specified store.
Volume / Vt Feedback The total volume of material stored in the specified store.
Temperature / T Feedback The temperature of material in the specified store.
FeedRate Feedback The current feedrate into the specified store.
ProdRate Feedback The current product drawn rate out of the specified store.
Content...
Material Content Section

ST

Only available in Build 139 or later. Optional tab, only visible if the TotalStore.Calculate option is enabled on the first tab page. The combined total of all stores.

Tag (Long/Short) Input / Calc Description/Calculated Variables / Options
Name Feedback Will always be named "StoresTotal".
Mass / Mt Feedback The total mass stored in all stores.
Volume / Vt Feedback The total volume of material stored in all stores.
Temperature / T Feedback The temperature of the combined material from all stores. Note: This temperature will only be the combined temperature of material in the stores if Calculated has been chosen for the TemperatureMethod on the MultiStorage tab page.
Content...
Material Content Section

Adding this Model to a Project

Add to Configuration File

Sort either by DLL or Group:

  DLL:
MatHand1.dll
Units/Links Material Handling: Multi-Storage
or Group:
Mass Transfer
Units/Links Material Handling: Multi-Storage

See Model Selection for more information on adding models to the configuration file.


Insert into Project Flowsheet

  Insert Unit Material Handling Multi-Storage

See Insert Unit for general information on inserting units.

Example Project